Mary Andross (known as Maryann ) was born on the 17th of March 1895 in Irvine, Ayrshire. She graduated with a BSc from Glasgow University in 1916 and thereafter undertook post graduate work with Professor George G Henderson, firstly at the Technical College (now Strathclyde University), and then at the University of Glasgow. During World War I she worked as a day teacher at Irvine Royal Academy, 1916-1917, and then at the Ministry of Munitions Inspections Department on poison gases, 1917-1919. From 1919 to 1923 she worked as a Chemistry Assistant at the University of Glasgow.
Mary Andross was appointed as lecturer in the Science Department of the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science on 1 September 1924, becoming Head of the Department in 1933. There she pioneered courses for the training of dieticians and made many original contributions to developing knowledge of the chemical composition of food. By 1936 a new diet kitchen and research laboratory for dieticians was added to the College. This facilitated her opportunity for research. In particular, she applied analytical procedures to determine the effect of cooking on the nutrients in every day foodstuffs. In this field her most notable contributions were to the study of changes in food proteins, especially during the cooking of meat and of eggs. She was an inspiring and able lecturer and was not only popular with her students but was much sought after as a public speaker, particularly in the Women’s Rural Institute and Women’s Guild meetings.
She gained the respect of chemists and food scientists. In 1951 she became a Fellow of the Royal Institute of Chemistry and in 1964 a Fellow of the Institute of Food Science and Technology. She was also a member of the Nutrition Society and of the Society of Chemical Industry, and served on the committees of both.
During World War II she excelled in three major areas of work. She carried out research on sources of vitamin C, especially in work with rosehips, and in producing cost effective nutritious menus to make rations go further. She was one of the leading organisers and active participants in the canteen for servicemen, which was run by the College in St Enoch Station and in providing the backup service of the mobile canteen. She played a leading role in the College’s canning, bottling and pickling service in 1940, and headed a team of staff members who used their vacations to offer this important service to rural areas and districts around Scotland.
She also contributed to the social life of the College, helping to organise events, being involved in sporting activities and becoming President of the College Former Students’ Association. She loved the outdoors and her hobbies were fishing and the history and customs of Scotland, especially the Ayrshire and the West Highlands. She also loved visiting the island of Harris which became almost like her second home.
Mary Andross retired from the College in June 1965 and died in her native Ayrshire in February 1968.

Baird was a Labour Party Councillor and held the position of Lord Provost of Glasgow from 1988 to 1992. She presented Indres Naidoo with a giant key to symbolically open the door to Mandela's cell at the 1988 Glasgow rally, that was followed by a march to London as party of the Freedom at 70 campaign. Baird also hosted the launch of 'The End of a Regime? An Anthology of Scottish-South African writing Against Apartheid' in 1991.

Chas Ball was a social development professional who worked in community development, recycling, sustainable transport co-ordination and as a consultant.
Chas Ball graduated from Cardiff University with a BSc (Econ) in 1970. Following graduation, he worked in London for a human rights pressure group and then for the National Union of Students (NUS), coordinating a unit to encourage wider student participation in community action and environment projects across Britain. In 1976 he was co-founder of a book and periodical distribution co-operative, when he moved to Leeds. In 1979 he started work for the Highlands and Islands Development Board (HIDB) in Inverness, as a Community Co-operatives Development Officer. Building on the success of its pioneering Community Co-operative scheme in the Western Isles, the HIDB was extending support and funding across its regions. Ball's remit was to support communities in Argyll, Highland and the islands of Orkney and Shetland to establish community co-operatives. After two years he moved to Kirkwall, in Orkney, to focus on communities in Orkney, Shetland, Caithness and North-West Sutherland.
In 1983 Ball took up a post with Leeds City Council as a Co-operative Development Officer supporting co-operatives and community enterprises in the local authority area. After three years he moved to the Projects Unit at Friends of the Earth, where he helped support local projects across England to become sustainable businesses, mainly in waste and recycling. Following this, in 1989, he became Executive Director of Save Waste and Prosper (SWAP), a community enterprise which pioneered various early recycling projects and developed a range of national research activities. SWAP provided consultancy services to clients such as ASDA, B&Q and ICI Dulux to facilitate recycling activities and review their environmental practices. After graduating with an MSc in Urban Regeneration from Sheffield Hallam University in 1999, Ball moved into sustainable transport and founded City Car Club (later acquired by Enterprise). As the first commercial car club operator in Britain, City Car Club developed a strong presence in Bristol, Edinburgh, London and Brighton. He left in 2008, continuing in the sector as a consultant and in 2010 joined national transport charity, Carplus Trust (later named CoMoUK), becoming its Chief Executive in 2011. The Trust promoted shared mobility and worked with local authorities and operators to expand car club activities and administered national funding programmes for government agencies in Scotland and England. On retirement in 2015, Ball continued to work in a voluntary capacity with several environmental and sustainable transport organisations.

Born in South Africa in 1946, Steve Biko co-founded the South African Students' Organization in 1968, subsequently spearheading the nation's Black Consciousness Movement, and co-founded the Black People's Convention in 1972. Biko was arrested many times for his anti-apartheid work and, on September 12, 1977, died from injuries that he'd sustained while in police custody.

Margaret MacKirdy was born in Rothesay, Isle of Bute, in 1830. Margaret was brought up in the Free Church and was actively involved in the School of Industry at Anderston, Glasgow, which had been established by elders of the St Matthews’ Free Church. It was whilst living at 150 Woodlands Road, Glasgow, in the early 1870s that Margaret married John Black, a shawl manufacturer. Their marriage was short-lived when he tragically drowned in the River Kelvin in 1874. The family had a strong friendship with Bailie William Collins, the Glasgow Publisher, also a member of the Free Church. He was on the sub-committee of the Glasgow School of Cookery responsible for finding a lady to be trained at the National Training School of Cookery. Margaret applied and was accepted for the post, teaching at the school from 1 June 1876 until 1878 when she left to open the West End School of Cookery. Margaret also wrote several books on cookery and household management which were published by Collins, including ”Household Cookery and Laundry Work”, “Superior Cookery” and “Hints to Young Housekeepers”. In September 1885, Margaret was created a Fellow of the Educational Institute of Scotland and in 1891 was elected on the the School Board of Glasgow as a temperance and free educationalist candidate. She was also secretary of the Womens’ Liberal Association, an office bearer of the National Temperance Association, and a Parish Councillor. Margaret died of pnuemonia on 1 March 1903 at her home at 2 Clifton Terrace, Glasgow.

Born on January 12, 1916, in Paul Roux, South Africa, P.W. Botha rose to prominence in the right-wing National Party, which instituted the strict racial segregation system of apartheid. Botha became the country's prime minister in 1978 and authorized deadly force against anti-apartheid agitators, including members of the ANC. He stepped down from power in 1989. He died on October 31, 2006.

Botha was a member of the ANC's 1994 Parliament. He had previously studied at the University of Strathclyde and Glasgow College of Technology. He introduced Brian Filling on stage at the Glasgow Green Rally in 1988, that was followed by a march down to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign.

Buchan was a cultural and political activist who became a Strathclyde Councillor (1974-79) and then Glasgow MEP (1979-94). Her involvement with the SC AAM and it's cause was manifold, with special contributions including: speaking at the press conference that announced Chris Hani's assassination and speaking at the NALA conference in Glasgow when Nelson Mandela visited Glasgow to receive the Freedom of the Nine Cities. She was famously embraced by Mandela while welcoming him on his visit to Strasbourg.

Glen Buchanan was born on 29 October 1955 and grew up and attended school in Kirkcudbright, Scotland. He studied at Paisley College of Technology, graduating with a BA in Social Studies in 1977, followed by an MBA from the University of Bradford in 1978.
From 1979 to 1981 he worked for the Scottish Council for Single Homeless managing a project looking at the housing experiences and needs of single people in Scotland. This paved the way for a major expansion of housing options and opportunities for single people across the 1980s and thereafter. In 1981 he took up the position of research fellow in the Local Government Unit at Paisley College of Technology, where he first worked alongside John Pearce on the Local Enterprise Advisory Project (LEAP), and worked on the case studies of the community enterprises Flagstone Enterprises Ltd, Paisley, and Govan Workspace, Glasgow. In 1984 he began working for Strathclyde Community Business (SCB) as Training Officer, eventually becoming Depute General Manager for John Pearce. SCB was the major development agency for community businesses in the west of Scotland providing information and advice, development support, training and financial assistance. Throughout this time he was also a Director of Community Business Scotland Ltd (CBS) and from 1884 to 1988 was editor of ‘CB News’, promoting the wider social enterprise movement in Scotland and beyond.
From 1991 to 1993 Glen Buchanan worked as National Coordinator, Care and Repair Initiative, Glasgow, for Shelter Scotland. He was responsible for management of eight council-wide projects across Scotland and negotiating support for the national development of Care and Repair into the mainstream of housing practice. In 1993 he was appointed by Scottish Homes to coordinate national development of Care and Repair throughout Scotland, later working on local housing and planning strategy development. He worked for Communities Scotland when it took on the functions of Scottish Homes and widened its community regeneration remit and then for the Scottish Government as Policy Manager, Glasgow, from 2008 to 2010. In each role he worked on the provision of grant and development support to housing associations, social enterprises and other third sector organisations. He went on to work for various organisations in consumer rights, housing, health and social care, and social enterprise until his retirement in 2016.

Buchanan co-managed the South African musician Marah Louw's fundraising tour of the UK in 1994 with Angela Webb. The tour visited the cities which had given Mandela their Freedom as well as Edinburgh and Liverpool. The tour raised funds for the ANC's electoral campaign.

Zola Budd was born on 26 May 1966 in Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa. Budd burst into national prominence in 1983. In 1984 she gained international recognition when, at the age of 17, she broke the women's 5000m world record. As this performance took place in apartheid South Africa, the world track and field establishment refused to recognise the record. However, she was later to claim the world record officially, while representing Great Britain in 1985, clocking 14:48.07.

Despite being a world class athlete she could not compete in the 1984 Olympic games as South Africa had been banned from competing before the start of the Tokyo Olympic games in 1964. In 1984, Budd was granted a British passport and participated in the British team in the Los Angeles Olympic Games in that year. In the final of the 3,000m race, Budd and Mary Decker, the American favourite to win, accidentally collided. Budd eventually finished seventh, while Decker was carried from the track side. Although the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF) jury found that Budd was not responsible for the collision, she was booed by the crowd who favoured Decker.

In a low key event in Crystal Palace, England, Budd on 26 August 1985 broke the 5 000m world record set by Ingrid Kristiansens of Norway sixteen years previously by more than ten seconds to set a new mark of 15 minutes 1.83 seconds. Budd stunned the sporting fraternity by running bare footed on her way to claim this magnificent feat. As South Africa was banned from competing in any sporting code with other countries, the event took place without publicity that might have attracted anti-apartheid demonstrators.

Budd returned to South Africa after she was banned by the IAAF in 1988 because she allegedly took part in an event in this country, though she insisted that she only attended the event and did not run. She retired from international competition for several years, but began racing again in South Africa and had an excellent season in 1991, when she was the second fastest woman in the world over 3,000m.

Budd is married to Mike Pieterse, a South African businessman and has three children. She still runs 16 – 24 km a day.

Juliann MacKinnon Calder (also known as Sheila Calder to close friends), was born in Glasgow in 1914. She graduated in 1936 with a BSc (Hons) Chemistry from the University of Glasgow. She then attended Jordanhill College of Education where she was awarded a double qualification in primary and secondary teaching. Following qualification she taught in primary schools in Kinross and Glasgow.

In January 1940 she was appointed to the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science where she taught Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physiology and Hygiene. Drawing on her specialism in organic chemistry, she developed studies in textiles and synthetic materials. Whilst working full time she studied for a Master in Education, which she was awarded in 1948 from the University of Glasgow.

When Isobel Gibson, the Principal of the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science retired at the end of 1962, Juliann Calder was appointed her successor. Her strength of leadership guided the College through an important period of academic development. A new extension to the College to cater primarily for the sciences, was formally opened in September 1975. The new building was named the Calder Wing in honour of her work.

In 1975, under Juliann Calder’s administration, the College not only celebrated its centenary, but also received a royal accolade, changing its name to The Queen’s College, Glasgow. In that same year, Juliann Calder donated £200 to provide an annual prize in chemistry, which she asked to be named the Mary Andross prize in recognition of the contribution her former Head of Science had made to the College. Students were able to enrol on the first College degree course in Dietetics in September 1976 and one of her successors, Dr John Philips, said that “in many ways she brought the College forward 20 years academically.”

She was a Fellow of the Chemical Society; the Educational Institute of Scotland; and the Association of Home Economists. She was a past president of the Scottish Branch of the Association of Women Science Teachers and a member of several professional bodies, including the Society of Chemical Industry; the Catering and Institutional Management Association; the Association of Home Economists; and the Council of the National Committee for Education in Home Economics. She also served on several committees, notably being a member of the steering committee which set up organisation for the Scottish Certificate of Education Examination Board.

Juliann Calder retired as Principal on 31st August, 1976. She died in Glasgow on 28 December 2008 at the age of 94 years.

Christie was one of the leading trade unionist of his generation, he went on to be General Secretary of the Scottish Trades Union Congress (1986-1998). He was a key campaigner in establishing a Scottish Parliament and was involved in the work of the SC AAM.

Key events in which he featured during the campaigning of the SC AAM included: speaking at the Glasgow Green Rally in 1988 which was followed by a march to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign, he was also on the Board of Directors for 1990's Sechaba Festivals Ltd, and was one of the speakers at the Sechaba Conference.

Robert (Bob) Climie was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland on 4th January 1868. He was the son of Robert Climie (who is recorded as working as a coalminer, hammerman, bolt maker and a colliery fireman) and a bonnet knitter (Mary McGarvie). Educated at the local School Board, Robert served his apprenticeship at the Britannia Works continuing with them as a journeyman. Early in his career he became involved in trade union activity and joined the Independent Labour Party (ILP).

As part of his political activity he spoke at the ILP’s outdoor meetings against the Boer War and was first elected as a local ILP councillor in 1905, developing a particularl interest in public health and housing.

Nominated by Ayrshire Trades Council, Robert Climie was a member of the Scottish Trades Union Congress (STUC) Parliamentary Committee from 1910 to 1918 and 1920 to 1923. He was the eighteenth STUC President in 1914 and was presented with a commemorative gong in honour of this position.

In the 1923 General Election Robert was returned as Labour MP for Kilmarnock, having unsuccessfully contested the seat in 1922. He was narrowly defeated in the 1924 General Election but won the seat back again in May 1929.

Robert was married to Jane [or Jeannie] McIldowie Meikle, also a Labour Party activist, and had a family of six sons and one daughter. He died on 3 October 1929 at the age of 61.

“…a small man of medium build, with dark hair and moustache, blue eyes and a fresh complexion. He was moderate in all things, always hard-working in the labour cause and a lifelong supporter of Ramsay MacDonald.” (Kilmarnock Standard, October 1929)

F W de Klerk was born in Johannesburg on 18 March 1936. F W de Klerk grew up in a political family, with both his father and grandfather serving high office. His father, Jan de Klerk, was a Cabinet Minister and the President of the South African Senate. In this political environment he learned the essential importance of timing. His brother is Dr Willem (Wimpie) de Klerk, a political analyst and one of the founders of the Democratic Party.

After finishing school in Krugersdorp, F.W. de Klerk graduated in 1958 from Potchefstroom University with BA and Ll.B degrees (the latter cum laude). At the same time he was awarded the Abe Bailey scholarship (an all-expenses paid educational tour to the United Kingdom). In 1969 he married Marike Willemse, with whom he had two sons and a daughter.

From 1961-1972 de Klerk practiced as an attorney in Vereeniging. During this time, he played an active part in Nationalist Party politics and in local educational affairs. He was offered the chair of Administrative Law at Potchefstroom University, but declined the position when he was elected Member of Parliament for Vereeniging in November 1972.

In 1975 he became information officer of the Transvaal National Party. He held several ministerial positions in the Cabinet of President P.W. Botha, including Minister of Post and Telecommunications and Sport and Recreation (1978-1979); Mines, Energy and Environmental Planning (1979-1980); Mineral and Energy Affairs (1980-1982); Internal Affairs (1982-1985); and National Education and Planning (1984-1989). In 1982 he became the Transvaal leader of the National Party after Dr Andries Treurnicht quit the party. In 1985 he was appointed chairman of the Ministers’ Council in the House of Assembly and in 1986 he became the House’s leader. When P.W. Botha resigned as leader of the National Party in February 1989, he was succeeded by de Klerk. In September he was elected the new State President. He soon announced his policy of reform: he hoped to create a suitable climate for negotiations which would end apartheid and bring about a new Constitutional dispensation for South Africa, based on the principle of one person, one vote.

In December 1989, de Klerk met with the imprisoned leader of the African National Congress (ANC), Nelson Mandela. On 2 February 1990, de Klerk lifted the ban on the ANC, the South African Communist Party (SACP) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). On 11 February Mandela was released. Negotiations with Mandela and other party leaders were held for the peaceful end of apartheid and transition to democratic rule. In 1993, De Klerk and Mandela were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts at reform in South Africa.

After 1994. After the 1994 elections, De Klerk was appointed the Second Vice President in President Mandela’s cabinet. In 1996 and other National Party members withdrew from their cabinet posts in order to establish the National Party as an effective opposition to the ANC. In 1997 De Klerk retired from politics.

Fred Edwards was born on April 9th 1931, the only child of Reginald and Jessie Edwards. Raised in Norris Green Council Estate in Liverpool, he was educated at St Edwards College. After spending 10 years with the Royal and merchant navies, he became a probation officer in Liverpool in 1960. Taking unpaid leave in this time he gained a post graduate diploma in Social Studies at Glasgow University.
Edwards played a significant role in Scottish social work in the 1970s. In 1974 he was appointed Head of Social of Social work in Grampian, before moving to the same role in the Strathclyde region two years later. Viewing his department as a potential instrument in social justice, he was scathing on matters such a Strathclyde Children’s’ Homes, characterising them as ‘an industrial process.’
During the 1984-85 Miners’ Strike, Edwards authorised loans of £191,000 to unmarried miners. This was subsequently deemed to be illegal and Edwards was held personally accountable for the sum until the Government relented in the face of a public outcry.
In 1986, he was appointed visiting Professor of Social Policy at Glasgow University, and in 1992 was named a lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order. He retired in 1993, embarking on a ‘portfolio career’ by becoming a full time voluntary worker - focussing in the main on matters relating to the environment, social justice and religion. In 2002, along with his 2nd wife Mary, he established a water purification and female literacy project in Cambodia.
A devout Christian and active member of the Church of Scotland, he depicted his faith as one of ‘public orthodoxy, private heresy,’ noting that as he aged, his belief became more minimalist, yet more profound. After developing myeloma in 2005, he died three years later on October 18th 2008 at the age of 77.

Ekwueme was a graduate of the University of Washington (1955-57) who became the first elected Vice-President of Nigeria, serving in this role throughout the early 1980s. He is considered one of Nigeria's leading statesmen.

He accepted the Freedom of the City of Glasgow on behalf of Mandela on 4th August 1981.

Dr Farid Esack has an international reputation as a Muslim scholar, speaker and human rights activist. He has lectured widely on religion and Islamic studies and also served as a Commissioner for Gender Equality with Nelson Mandela's government. He has authored numerous Islamic books and is currently the Visiting Professor of Islamic Studies at Harvard Divinity School.

Brian Filling held several concurrent roles within the Scottish Committee for the Anti-Apartheid Movement, including: Scottish Committee Chair, Glasgow Group Committee Chair and Scottish Committee for Local Authority Action Against Apartheid Secretary.

Isobel Scott Gibson was born in Glasgow in 1897, the daughter of George A Gibson, Professor of Mathematics at the University of Glasgow. Her father was involved with the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science as a Governor from session 1911/12 until his resignation in December 1925. He was also involved with the Board at Park School in Glasgow, joining in May 1915 and rising to Chairman of the Board of this prestigious girl's school in August 1917. Isobel Gibson also went on to become a member of the Board at Park School and a Director of the School Company.

Isobel Gibson was educated at the Park School, Glasgow, and then studied for a teaching diploma at the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science. In 1917 she left the College to work in the kitchens of the Erskine Hospital for limbless soldiers. She returned to the College 2 years later to complete her teacher training. In 1920 she took a one year course at the King's College of Household and Social Science in London. She returned to Glasgow in 1921 to teach at Park School. In 1927, at the age of 30 years, she entered the University of Glasgow to study for a BSc in Applied Science, specialising in chemistry and physiology.

After graduating in 1930, Isobel Gibson went to work in Edinburgh as a Superintendent of Domestic Subjects with the Education Authority. Promotion followed in 1937 to the general staff of the Scottish Education Department's Inspectorate and in 1944 she was again promoted to the rank of His Majesty's Inspectorate. In January 1947 she took up her new position of Principal at the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science. In June 1951 she was awarded an OBE in recognition of her work.

During her career she helped the College recover from the war and struggle through the period of scarcity and rationing. She encouraged the academic developments of the College and put much work into the establishment of a proper library at Park Drive. She also played an important role within the International Federation of Home Economics, being elected as its president in 1959. She was also a president of the Glasgow branch of the British Federation of University Women. She instigated the new student residences at Dorchester Avenue that were formally opened by the Queen in 1968. The residences were named Gibson Hall in recognition of her vital role.

After her retirement at the end of 1962, Isobel Gibson moved to Edinburgh to live. In May 1993, she died in a nursing home, aged 96 years.

Isabella Scott Glaister (known as Ella) was born in Glasgow in 1879. She was the eldest daughter of Professor John Glaister, Regius Professor of Forensic Medicine and Public Health at the University of Glasgow.
She took up the post of Superintendent and Office Secretary (later changed to Principal) of the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science in March 1908. The College had just been formed from the amalgamation of the Glasgow School of Cookery and West End School of Cookery. Ella Glaister had the difficult task of managing the merger at staff level and had to oversee the four College sites dispersed across Glasgow. During her time at the College she founded the “Glasgow Cookery Book”, originally a text book on cookery which was updated over the years by staff and eventually went into public circulation. The first edition was printed in 1910. She also attended meetings of the National Union for the Technical Education of Women in Domestic Subjects and of the Association of Superintendents of Recognised Training Schools in Domestic Subjects.
Ella Glaister resigned on 9 Sep 1910 to take up the post of Scotch Education Department Inspectress of Domestic Subjects. On 24 June 1919 in Melbourne, she married Professor Harold A Woodruff and her wedding cake was presented by the College. He was a professor of veterinary pathology and director of the veterinary institute at the University of Melbourne, a widower with two small sons. In Australia she continued her pioneering work in the field of domestic science education. She was a founder of the Australian Invergowrie Homecraft Hostel and was its chief examiner from 1928 to 1949. She was also a founder and councillor of the Emily McPherson College of Domestic Economy.
She died in Melbourne on 3 March 1954.

Goldberg was an engineer and political activist born in Cape Town, South Africa. He became one of the Rivonia trialists and was detained in 1963 for over 22 years until his release in 1985.

Goldberg was an Executive member of the Congress of Democrats, an organisation allied to the ANC in the Congress Alliance from the mid-1950s. After the first non racial elections in 1994 Goldberg founded the development organisation Community H.E.A.R.T. in London to help to improve living standards of black South Africans.

His work against the apartheid regime was tireless and he traveled the world on speaking tours as a spokes person for the ANC and representing the Anti-Apartheid Committee of the United Nations, visiting Scotland alongside other places. He gained the Albert Luthuli Peace Prize in recognition of his efforts.

Grant was a Guyanese Labour MP for Tottenham between 1987-2000 with a left-wing trade union background, he was also an anti-apartheid campaigner, a supporter of revolutionary governments, feminist causes, black studies and a multi-racial school curriculum.

He studied mining engineering at Heriot Watt University in Edinburgh and was later involved with the work of the SC AAM, speaking at the Glasgow Green Rally of 11th June 1988, which was followed by a march to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign.

Gray describes himself as a 'maker of imagined objects' and produces novels, short stories, plays, poems, pamphlets and literary criticism. He is also an accomplished artist who has painted remarkable murals and is the designer and illustrator of his own books and those of other writers.

During the campaign of the SC AAM, Gray performed readings at special events held at Moir Hall in aid of the cause.

Gray was a tireless campaigner on behalf of Glasgow, serving as a Councillor before rising to become Lord Provost of Glasgow (1984-88), succeeding Michael Kelly.

He was one of the pioneers of the Garden Festival in 1988 and European City of Culture in 1990 – both of which did much to regenerate the concept of the city in Scotland and, indeed, throughout Europe. Gray campaigned for these events in Glasgow, and their undoubted success is a fitting testimonial to a proud Glaswegian.

During his time in the position he led a deputation of civic leaders to 10 Downing Street on the 21st anniversary of the life-sentencing of Mandela in 1985, he was also instrumental in renaming the St George's Place Nelson Mandela Place in 1986.

Heath was British Conservative prime minister from 1970 to 1974, a troubled period which came to be seen as reflecting the failure of post-war consensual Conservatism, and produced a backlash in his party that brought Margaret Thatcher to the leadership in 1975.

As prime minister, Heath's policies seemed muddled. His only clear success was in fulfilling his long-held ambition of taking Britain into the European Community, in 1973. He preserved the consensual and moderate policies of his 1950s predecessors, but he also felt obliged to restrain public expenditure through deflationary policies, and to tackle increasing labour unrest by trying to reduce the power of trade unions. When faced with the muscle of the militant miners' union, however, Heath backed down, executing a 'u-turn' for which the Conservative Party's right wing never forgave him. Mass strikes continued, in parallel with ongoing violence in Northern Ireland. The 1974 General Election was inconclusive and Heath resigned as prime minister, to be replaced by Harold Wilson and a minority Labour government. The following year Thatcher replaced Heath as Conservative leader.

Heath remained in parliament until 2001, a constant reminder to Thatcher of the party's moderate and Europhile traditions, which Heath angrily believed she had betrayed. He died on 17 July 2005.

Hamish Henderson is seen as the founding father of Scotland's twentieth century folk renaissance. He was passionate about politics and poetry, serving in the WWII and being inspired by the ballads of the soldiers and the song making of the Italian partisans. Henderson himself rejected modernist concepts of poetry and of being a poet. He collected, translated, composed and created in a wide variety of poetic and lyric forms.

Hamish Henderson was to exhibit the same capacity to combine occasion, craft and popular impact with 'Rivonia', which became an anthem of the South African anti-apartheid movement, which was set to the tune of a famous Spanish civil war song. The song was given the ANC's blessing and Henderson sang it on stage when Mandela visited Glasgow in 1993.

Vera Hiddleston, OBE, was a pioneer in social work training, an experienced child care specialist and key figure in the development of the social work sector during the 1960s-1970s, a period of significant change within the Scottish system.
Vera Hiddleston was born on 27 October 1931 and grew up in the Stirlingshire village of Airth. She was a dux of Stirling High School. In 1953 she graduated from Edinburgh University with an MA (Hons) in History went on to complete a diploma in Social Study in 1954.
After qualifying Hiddleston worked for several years as Senior Child Care Officer in Mid Lothian, East Lothian and Peebles children’s department and was one of three supervisors on the Edinburgh child-care course. Hiddleston became the first director of the Scottish Probation Officers' Training Course and established professional probation training in Scotland in the 1960s. In 1967 she became a lecturer, then head of the Division of Social Work at Jordanhill College of Education.
Hiddleston was a member of the Scottish Advisory Council in Child Care (1960-62) and the Council for Training and Education in Social Work (1968-70). She also chaired the Scottish social workers’ parliamentary group, lobbying political parties in the House of Commons and constituency MPs on the need for integrated local authority social work departments. She later became chair of the management committee of the Centre for the Study of Child Abuse. In 1975 Vera Hiddleston was awarded an OBE for services to social work.
In November 2006 she gave a paper on the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 to the Social Work History Network at Edinburgh University. The paper detailed her views on the development of social work in Scotland and the impact of the 1964 Kilbrandon Report in creating integrated local authority social work departments.
Vera Hiddleston died at Galashiels on 27 April 2017 at the age of 85 years.

Alexander Hobbs, or Sandy as he is known, was born in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1937. From 1954 to 1958 he studied psychology at the University of Aberdeen. Although not an actively political student he was a member of a small informal circle who saw socialism, humanism and science as intimately linked and around this time became a member of the Aberdeen Humanist Group.

After graduating in 1958 he continued at the University as a postgraduate although he never completed his PhD. As a postgraduate he became heavily involved in political and cultural activities, becoming the first secretary of Aberdeen Left Club. The Chair of the Club was Ken Alexander. Through his activity in the New Left, Sandy became friendly with a number of ex-communists, including Norman and Janey Buchan. In the run-up to the 1959 General Election Sandy worked nearly full-time for the South Aberdeen Labour candidate and joined the party, remaining a member for 12 years. He was also an “outside” member of the Fife Socialist League. Around this time the Labour Party founded the Young Socialists and Sandy’s political activities focused on this part of the Labour Party until he left Aberdeen in 1961.

In 1961 Sandy married a fellow student, Lois Kemp, a leading member of the student CND and daughter of Labour Party activist William Kemp. Through his association with the Young Socialists, Sandy came into contact with various Trotskyist groups who were working within the Labour Party at the time. As a result he became close to the Labour Worker group but was not a member. He joined the Dundee Left Club but became more active in the CND, especially in publicising Scottish CND. In CND he worked closely with the cartoonist Leo Baxendale, which led to his also scriptwriting for Leo's comic, Wham!"

In 1965 Sandy moved to Glasgow becoming more involved in the Labour Party, chairing his local branch and acting as Janey Buchan's campaign manager for a local government election. He was again involved in the election campaigns for the 1970 General Election after which time he resigned from the Labour Party, having become disillusioned by Harold Wilson’s government. At this time a number of single-issue campaigns were gaining in prominence and Sandy became involved with the Campaign Against Racial Discrimination (CARD) and the Glasgow Committee Against Racism.

In 1968 Sandy started as a lecturer at Edinburgh College of Commerce where he chaired the Staff Association. In 1969 he moved to Jordanhill College of Education, Glasgow, where he was involved in the Association of Lecturers in Colleges of Education in Scotland (ALCES). A further move to Paisley College, Renfrewshire, Scotland, (now University of the West of Scotland) in 1975 resulted in his membership of the Association of Lecturers in Scottish Central Institutions (ALSCI).

Upon leaving the Labour Party, Sandy became attached to the International Socialists, who later became the Socialist Workers Party. He was never comfortable with the group and left a few years later in part because he found it much more congenial working on the less sectarian radical paper, Glasgow News. He also became involved with the Chilean
Committee for Human Rights supporting refugees from the regime of Pinochet. For a time, he re-joined the Labour Party again as a way of forwarding the work of this Committee.
From the mid-1970s onwards Sandy dropped out of active politics while his wife, Lois, continued to play an active part in the Women’s Movement and Glasgow Women’s Aid. Instead, he concentrated on research, writing and publishing as a lecturer within the Department of Applied Social Sciences at the University of Paisley and qualifying as a Chartered Psychologist which he achieved in 1990. In 1997, he became a Reader at the University of Paisley (University of the West of Scotland) and in 2002 became an Honorary Research Fellow concentrating on child labour and contemporary legends. In 2011, in collaboration with Willie Thompson, Sandy published the book, Out of the Burning House, which contains accounts of their political activities in the 1950s and early 1960s.

David Hodge first served on Glasgow Corporation in 1971 and was chairman of the magistrates committee, becoming chairman of the licensing committee after local government reorganisation in 1974. He was chairman of Glasgow Constituency Labour Party and secretary of the Labour group on the council before becoming Lord Provost from May 1977 to 1980. The Labour whip was withdrawn from him after he entertained the South African ambassador to lunch at the City Chambers.

Born in England, Huddleston studied at Christ Church, Oxford University (1927-1931) before enrolling at Wells Theological College, taking his vows in 1941. He then ministered in townships in South Africa between 1943 and 1956. During the following years he became involved in protests alongside Nelson Mandela and continued to campaign and speak out against the apartheid regime after this, gaining awards from the ANC among others for his work.

In 1959 he addressed the founding meeting of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in London and in 1961 he was appointed Vice-President of the AAM, a position he held until 1981.

Huddelston often visited Scotland and was involved in key events in the SC AAM campaign, including: speaking at the 1988 Glasgow Green rally that was followed by a march down to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign, presenting Indres Naidoo with a giant key to symbolically open Mandela's cell door at the same rally, and speaking at the Sechaba Conference in Glasgow in 1990.

Hughes is a British Labour politician and was chairman of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement from 1976 to 1995 when it was disbanded. Educated in Scotland at Robert Gordon University Aberdeen, he went on to work as a draughtsman in South Africa between 1947-1954. Hughes later became the first chairperson of the successor organisation Action for Southern Africa (ACTSA).

Key involvement with SC AAM events included: speaking at the SC AAM Conference in 1978, and speaking at the NALA event which Mandela also spoke at while in Glasgow collecting the Freedom of the Nine Cities in 1993.

Tor Justad was born in 1945. During his early career he worked in various roles before training as a community worker. Between 1978 and 1987 he worked as Area Community Worker for Shetland Islands Council, supporting voluntary organisations, co-operatives and social enterprises in the North Mainland of Shetland. He was the first Chair of the Association of Community Enterprises in the Highlands and Islands (ACE-HI), from 1986-1987, supporting community enterprises across the region. In 1987 he moved to Stirling, and became the Manager of the Community Enterprise Support Unit (Central Region) Ltd. (CESU), providing support to community enterprises and credit unions, mainly through funding from the Urban Programme and European Union. During this period he was a Director of Community Business Scotland (CBS).
In 1994 he began working freelance as a Social Economy Adviser, trading as Tor Justad Associates, with contracts in the UK, Sweden, Ireland and other countries. Contracts included the creation of social enterprise and social audit training materials, and support for the co-operative and social enterprise sectors. Between 2000 and 2011, he was employed as a Co-operative and Membership Officer with the Co-operative Group, covering the Highlands and Islands. During this time, from 2009 to 2011, he was Co-ordinator of the Scottish partner element of the EU Northern Periphery Programme: Retail in Rural Regions project, a transnational project with partners in Nordic countries, Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland. He was a Director of CBS from 2002-2004, a Director of the Community Retailing Network from 2006-2013 and Vice Chair of the Highlands and Islands Community Energy Company from 2008-2009.
From 2011 onwards, he continued freelance work, mainly co-ordinating study visits to Scotland by educational and social enterprise groups from Scandinavia and a longer term partnership between three schools in West Lothian. In 2019 he acted as a consultant in a small consortium which conducted an independent review of fair trade sales and promotion in Scotland for the Scottish Government International Development Team, ‘What future for fair trade in Scotland?’ (Scottish Government, February 2020). He also had a number of voluntary commitments related to renewable energy, anti-nuclear campaigning and coastal rowing.

Kelly was an ardent trade unionist, rising to become president of the Scottish Trade Union Congress. He was involved with the work of the SC AAM, sitting on the board of director for Sechaba Festivals Ltd during 1990.

Louw was a South African singer and actress. Her singing took her all over the world. She sang at the ceremony that presented Nelson Mandela with the Freedom of the Nine Cities in Glasgow, 1993. Later returning to tour the UK in 1994 to raise money for the ANC's election campaign. She went on to sing at Mandela's inauguration and at the Freedom Day Celebrations in 1994.

Mary MacKirdy, was the niece of Mrs Margaret Black, founder of the West End School of Cookery. She was born on the 11th May 1874 and achieved her diploma from the West End School in September 1894, with both the Scotch Education Department and the Glasgow School Board granting assessments for her training. She taught cookery at the West End School of Cookery from 1895, becoming its Principal on Margaret Black’s death in 1903.

When the West End School of Cookery amalgamated with the Glasgow School of Cookery in 1908, to form The Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science, the Miss Ella Glaister became Principal, however Mary MacKirdy remained as part of the teaching staff. She was a head teacher in cookery, specialising in the Article 55 students, the Provincial Committee students who were supplementing their elementary teaching qualification. She kept abreast of the growing subject of Domestic Science, on the whole, and gave well attended public lectures and worked with Ministry of Labour classes. She was a published writer of articles and books on cookery including the College publication "Recipes for You".

Her younger sister Miss Janet MacKirdy was also on the teaching staff and they both shared a house, first at 191 Renfrew Street, then latterly at 9 Park Quadrant. In June and July of 1926 Mary was granted two months leave of absence to visit the United States and Canada, with a view to furthering her knowledge by visiting schools and colleges in these countries. Janet was also granted one months’ leave, June, to travel with her sister and her remit was labour saving and modern household devices.

Mary MacKirdy was made a Fellow of the Educational Institute of Scotlandin 1935. She resigned from the College on the 9th of September 1937, after 42 years of service. On leaving she wasthe longest serving member of staff. She went on to become a Nutrition Supervisor for the Community Service in Scotland at the age of 63 years. A College prize, in appreciation of her work and service was given in her name for Article 55 students. This was presented by Mrs Black, of Kirkcaldy, who had previously given the Mrs Margaret Black Memorial Prize in 1925. The prize was first presented in 1938.

Mary MacKirdy was very much involved with the Bridgeton's Women's Institution, holding the position of Convener, and devoting much of her time to settlement and club work in Bridgeton. When this organisation ceased to function a gift of £200 from it's remaining funds was gifted to the College in December 1950. This money was used for educational purposes in the field of social sciences and was known as the Bridgeton's Women's Institution Fund.

Mary MacKirdy died in 1957.

MacQuarrie was a Labour Councillor who represented Glasgow City Council during the organisation of Mandela's visit to Glasgow in 1993 and was instrumental in the renaming of St George's Place to Nelson Mandela Place in 1986.

MacQuarrie has been Chaplin to Glasgow University since 2001.

Born Nomzamo Winifred Madikizela on September 26, 1936, in Bizana, a rural village in the Transkei district of South Africa, Winnie Mandela eventually moved to Johannesburg in 1953 to study at the Jan Hofmeyr School of Social Work. South Africa was under the system known as apartheid, where citizens of indigenous African descent were subjected to a harsh caste system in which European descendants enjoyed much higher levels of wealth, health and social freedom.

Winnie completed her studies and, though receiving a scholarship to study in America, decided instead to work as the first black medical social worker at Baragwanath Hospital in Johannesburg. A dedicated professional, she came to learn via her field work of the deplorable state that many of her patients lived in.

In the mid-1950s, Winnie met attorney Nelson Mandela, who, at the time, was leader of the African National Congress, an organization with the goal of ending South Africa's apartheid system of racial segregation. The two married in June 1958, despite concerns from Winnie's father over the couple's age difference and Mandela's steadfast political involvements. After the wedding, Winnie moved into Mandela's home in Soweto. She became legally known thereafter as Winnie Madikizela-Mandel.
Nelson Mandela was routinely arrested for his activities and targeted by the government during his early days of marriage. He was eventually sentenced in 1964 to life imprisonment, leaving Winnie Mandela to raise their two small daughters, Zenani and Zindzi, single-handedly. Nonetheless, Winnie vowed to continue working to end apartheid; she was involved surreptitiously with the ANC and sent her children to boarding school in Swaziland to offer them a more peaceful upbringing.

Monitored by the government, Winnie Mandela was arrested under the Suppression of Terrorism Act and spent more than a year in solitary confinement, where she was tortured. Upon her release, she continued her activism and was jailed several more times. Then after the Soweto 1976 uprisings where hundreds of students were killed, she was forced by the government to relocate to the border town of Brandfort in 1977 and placed under house arrest. She described the experience as alienating and heart-wrenching, yet she continued to speak out, as in a 1981 statement to the BBC on black South African economic might and its ability to overturn the system.

In 1985, after her home was firebombed, Winnie returned to Soweto and continued to agitate against the regime even during government media bans. Her actions continued to cement the title bestowed upon her, "Mother of the Nation." But Winnie also became known for endorsing deadly retaliation against black citizens who collaborated with the apartheid regime. Additionally, her group of bodyguards, the Mandela United Football Club, garnered a reputation for brutality. In 1989, a 14-year-old boy named Stompie Moeketsi was abducted by the club and later killed.

Through a complex mix of domestic political maneuvering and international outrage, Nelson Mandela was freed in 1990, after 27 years of imprisonment. The years of separation and tremendous social turmoil had irrevocably damaged the Mandela marriage, however, and the two separated in 1992. Before that, Winnie Mandela was convicted of kidnapping and assaulting Moeketsi; after an appeal, her six-year sentence was ultimately reduced to a fine.

Even with her conviction, Winnie Mandela was elected president of the ANC's Women's League. Then, in 1994, Nelson Mandela won the presidential election, becoming South Africa's first black president; Winnie was subsequently named deputy minister of arts, culture, science and technology. However, due to affiliations and rhetoric seen as highly radical, she was ousted from her cabinet post by her husband in 1995. The couple divorced in 1996, having spent few years together out of almost four decades of marriage.

Winnie Mandela appeared before the nation's Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 1997, and was found responsible for "gross violations of human rights" in connection to the killings and tortures implemented by her bodyguards. While ANC leaders kept their political distance, Winnie still retained a grassroots following. She was re-elected to Parliament in 1999, only to be convicted of economic fraud in 2003. She quickly resigned from her post, though her conviction was later overturned.

Winnie Mandela continues to be a controversial media figure. In a 2010 Evening Standard newspaper interview, she sharply criticized Archbishop Desmond Tutu and her ex-husband, disparaging Nelson Mandela's decision to accept the Nobel Peace Prize with former South African President F.W. de Klerk. Winnie later denied making the statements. In 2012, the British press published an email that Winnie Mandela had composed, in which she criticized the ANC for its general treatment of the Mandela clan.

After her husband, Nelson Mandela, was released from prison in 1990, Winnie Mandela shared in his political activities, despite her scandalous reputation. In 1993, Winnie became president of the African National Congress Women's League, and in 1994, she was elected to Parliament. She was re-elected to Parliament in 1999, but resigned in 2003, under a new financial scandal.

Named after William Govan of Glasgow Missionary Society, Mbeki was one of the stalwarts of South Africa's struggle for freedom, and father of its president, Thabo Mbeki. A trade unionist and journalist, he was probably the longest-living senior member of the African National Congress, which he joined in 1935. He was jailed for life for "conspiracy to overthrow the South African government by violence" at the 1963-64 Rivonia trial and served 24 years on Robben Island.

During the struggle against apartheid Mbeki visited Scotland and was keynote speaker at the Sechaba Conference held in Glasgow in 1990.

McFadden was Councillor in Glasgow before becoming Leader of Glasgow Council (1980-86 and 1992-1994). She contributed to the work of the SC AAM by speaking at the NALA event which Mandela also spoke at during his visit to Glasgow to receive the Freedom of the Nine Cities in 1993.

Dorothy Humphreys Melvin was born in Glasgow in 1881. She trained at the Glasgow School of Cookery and was a member of its staff at the time of its amalgamation with The West End School of Cookery. On the 25th of July 1909 she tendered her resignation to take up a position at the National Society’s Training College, West Hampstead, London. She returned to Glasgow a year later and on the 25th of October 1910 took up the post of Superintendent and Office Secretary of the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science. This title was changed to Principal in April 1919.

Her job as Principal was mainly one of organisation. Initially there were about 6 subjects taught at the College, however by the end of Miss Melvin’s career this had increased to around 16 subjects.

Her role was central to the development and realisation of the new College premises at Park Drive, Glasgow, overseeing all areas of the planning, building and premises move.

Her work through two wars, showed not only that she was willing to support her country through the discipline of the College (especially in the areas of poor food supplies and economical cooking), but also that she managed to maintain the educational value of the College. She went on to offer training to the female casualties of the war years and the College trained many women for employment through difficult periods. She made the College an Institution that was aware of the needs of the community of Glasgow and the wider area of the West of Scotland.

Her educational and professional development again was exceptional. She was a member of the leading bodies in Domestic Science and she represented her subject with much public speaking and writing and was not afraid to fight for her beliefs. For her work in the College and for the general teaching of domestic subjects and the education of women in Glasgow and the West of Scotland, Dorothy Melvin was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the Coronation honours list of 1937. She was also a Justice of the Peace.

The Melvin Prize for Children’s Teaching was started in Session 1944/45. It was a prize for the Diploma student with the best children’s teaching mark. Prior to this there was a Dorothy H Melvin Scholarship. This was established under the will of Miss May J F Tolmie and the terms stated a scholarship of £30 was to be given to a student selected by the Governors and Miss Melvin. This continued into Queen’s College when the scholarship was awarded to a graduate of the College for post-diploma study which was approved by the Principal and the Governors.

Dorothy Melvin retired in December 1946 but maintained links with the College, often attending on Diploma Days. She died on the 26th of December 1963, in her home at “Oakdene”, 15 Sherbrooke Avenue, Pollokshields, Glasgow. Her death was reported in the Glasgow and Edinburgh press, in related journals of the day, and tribute was given to this great pioneer of women’s education and domestic science.

On 31 October 1933, Abdul Samad Minty was born in Hartebeesfontein, Northern Transvaal (now known as Limpopo Province). In June 1958 he left for Britain to further his studies. In 1969, eleven years later, he graduated with an MSc in Economics and International Relations at the University College in London. While Minty was abroad he worked for the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa. Between 1962 and 1995 he was the Honorary Secretary of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement. Minty played an important role in lobbying the International Olympic Committee in 1963 for the suspension of the South African Olympic Committee from the Olympics. In 1969 he published his study on the defence strategy of the apartheid government in South Africa. His publication helped the Anti-Apartheid Movement to develop a campaign for termination of the Simonstown Agreement between South Africa and Britain on the defence of the seas around Southern Africa.

After the fall of apartheid in 1994, Minty was appointed as the Deputy Director-General for Multilateral Affairs in the Department of Foreign Affairs, a position he held till 2004. He also oversaw South Africa's new membership of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and the Commonwealth. On 12 September 2008 South Africa nominated Minty for the post of Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and his nomination was endorsed by the African Union. Minty also served as a member of Troika Group until May 2009.

Mompati was the ANC Chief representative to the UK (1981-82) and became part of the delegation that opened talks with the South African government at Groote Schuur in 1990. In 1994, she was elected a member of parliament in the National Assembly. She was appointed ambassador to Switzerland from 1996 to 2000 and on her return became the mayor of Vryburg (Naledi) in the North-West Province.

She was involved in several key events throughout the SC AAM campaign, she spoke at the Scottish AAM conference in 1983, attended Mandela's Freedom of the Nine Cities Ceremony in 1993 and spoke at a dinner for Scottish delegates to South Africa in 1994.

Msimang was the ANC Chief Representative to the UK. He has been treasurer-general to the ANC since 1998. Key SC AAM events that he was involved in included advising on the Sechaba Festival and Conference in 1990 and advising on Mandela's visit to Glasgow in 1993.

Gillian Murray graduated with MA (Hons) and MSc from the University of Edinburgh and a PhD from the University of Leicester. She worked on a range of multi-disciplinary research projects with a focus on aspects of twentieth century British history and interests in gender, media and labour history.
In March 2014 Dr Murray started work at the Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health at Glasgow Caledonian University as a post-doctoral researcher on the CommonHealth research programme. Her research traced the origins of social enterprise in Scotland through the revival of the co-operative movement and pioneering community development work carried out as part of community business in Scotland. This research also sought to understand the development of connections between these socially innovative projects and health and wellbeing enhancement. The oral histories collected as part of the CommonHealth project captured the memories of practitioners who were drawn towards work in Community Business (a forerunner of Social Enterprise) and the development of their work in Scotland’s social economy from the late 1970s onwards.
Dr Murray continued her research into the history of social enterprise in Scotland, working on the Social Enterprise Collection (Scotland) project from November 2018 to March 2020 in collaboration with the Archive Centre. Through her involvement with this project further oral histories were collected and a travelling exhibition introduced the history of social enterprise in Scotland.

Naidoo was a member of Umkhonto we Sizwe the military wing of the African National Congress. He served ten years on Robben Island after being sentenced in 1963. He visited Glasgow in 1988 to accept a symbolic giant key to 'unlock' Mandela's prison door. This act marked the conclusion of the Glasgow Green Rally which was followed by a march down to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign.

John Nelson held several positions in the Scottish Committee for the Anti-Apartheid Movement, including: Scottish Committee Secretary, he sat on the Board of Directors for SECHABA Festivals Ltd. As of 2016 he still holds the position of Secretary for ACTSA Scotland, successor organisation to the Anti-Apartheid Movement.

Nujoma was the first president of independent Namibia (1990-2005). In the 1950s he helped found the Ovamboland People's organisation, the forerunner of the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). In 1960 he was named president of SWAPO during it's founding year, he stepped down from this position in 2007.

In 1987 he visited Glasgow and spoke at the City Chambers.