The Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health was founded in 2010 by Professor Cam Donaldson, a renowned health economist. The Centre was named in honour of Professor Muhammad Yunus, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to advance social and economic opportunities of the poor through work on microcredit. Mohammad Yunus was Glasgow Caledonian University’s Chancellor from 2012 to 2018. Professor Cam Donaldson was Director of the Centre from 2010 to 2016, followed by Professor Rachel Baker who became Director in August 2016.

The work of the Centre cuts across the three main societal challenges listed in Glasgow Caledonian University's Research Strategy: inclusive societies, healthy lives and sustainable environments. Focusing on health and wellbeing, the Centre aims to transform the lives of vulnerable communities through pioneering research in the areas of microfinance; social business and health economics.

The mission of the Centre is to make a tangible difference to people’s lives through: better understanding health risks, determinants of health inequalities and drivers of well-being, particularly in deprived communities; examining how such risks, inequalities and drivers can be influenced by social rather than medical interventions; developing methods and exploring disciplinary interfaces to devise new frameworks for evaluating social business, microfinance and related social innovations; collaborating with the public, policy makers and practitioners in translating research evidence for improvement in health and well-being.

The Centre is based in the George Moore Building at Glasgow Caledonian University.

Glasgow College of Technology was established in 1971, as a result of the merger of two proposed colleges of higher education, the College of Science and Technology and the College of Commerce (these proposed colleges were merged before the buildings were completed and the doors opened). In 1987 the Board of Governors agreed to change the name of the College to Glasgow College, mainly for advertising purposes, although for legal purposes the name remained Glasgow College of Technology. Several attempts were made to designate the College a polytechnic. It was proposed in 1971 and 1979 but it was not until 1 January 1991 that it became Glasgow Polytechnic. The new Polytechnic was officially launched on 1 May 1991. Following the Government’s White Paper ‘Higher Education: A New Framework’ in May 1991 the new institution saw their opportunity to become a University and to award their own degrees. Discussions were entered into with The Queen’s College, Glasgow with regards to a merger and the intention to merge was announced on 4 December 1991. In June 1992 Glasgow Polytechnic was granted full degree awarding powers and on 1 April 1993 it finally merged with The Queen’s College, Glasgow to form Glasgow Caledonian University. The institution’s premises were located on Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow in a purpose built complex, which at time of merger formed the main campus of Glasgow Caledonian University.

The original aim of the institution was to develop a higher level of academic training and to offer degrees validated by the Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA).

When Glasgow College of Technology opened in 1971, its syllabus was mainly made up of higher level transferred courses. Stow College of Engineering and The Central College of Commerce and Distribution were the two main institutions responsible for transferring teaching, and staff to these courses. Initially there were 12 departments at the new College, the flagship being the Optics Department. Others included Electrical Engineering, Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Biology, Computing, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Business Administration, Law and Public Administration, Commerce, Management and Finance, Social Sciences and Humanities.

The first CNAA degree to be offered was in optics. Other courses on offer were diplomas and certificates validated by the Scottish Technical Education Council (SCOTEC) or the Scottish Business Education Council (SBEC). The Social Sciences and Humanities Departments both provided teaching towards London University degrees. The second CNAA degree was introduced in 1973, a BA in Social Sciences, and this was followed, in 1977, by a degree in nursing. A Department of Nursing Studies was established in 1980 and there was a clear commitment to development in this area.

In 1981 three faculties were established, Business and Administration Studies, Life and Social Sciences and Science and Engineering. This decade also saw a move to improve the standard of engineering education. By the early 1980s there was a CNAA validated BSc in Engineering and soon approval was given for a Bachelor of Engineering. The development of offering joint courses with neighbouring further education establishments also continued. In 1985 the full time courses on offer included 14 degrees, 12 higher diplomas and higher national diplomas. There were 7 other diplomas and professional courses such as those in nursing, over 50 part time courses, 2 of which were degrees - BSc in Mechanical Engineering and the BA in Social Sciences.

For session 1991/92 its student enrolment was 5,900 (FTE) and it was Scotland's second largest central institution. It was fully accredited for taught courses by the CNAA, offered SCOTVEC qualifications, and was committed to the principles of wider access and credit accumulation and transfer (CAT scheme). In June 1992 Glasgow Polytechnic was granted full degree awarding powers.

The College was established by Glasgow Corporation, which was its ultimate owner but did not play a direct role in its government. Although not a Scottish central institution until 1985, the Scottish Education Department (SED) had a much more direct bearing on the College’s academic life. The College's statutes corresponded fairly closely to the SED’s 1972 guidelines for the government of central institutions. The Board of Governors (Governing Council), in which originally the local authority was the predominant element, was responsible for the allocation of resources and staffing and the Academic Board dealt with the academic planning, implementation of quality control and academic affairs. In 1975 control of the College was transferred from Glasgow Corporation to the newly formed Strathclyde Regional Council. At this time the Governing Council became the College Council. In 1985 the College became a Scottish central institution and the College Council became the Governing Body. Although the composition and membership changed, the Governing Body and Academic Board remained in place until the merger with The Queen’s College, Glasgow.

The Directors/Principals of the College between 1971 and 1993 were Dr Reginald Beale 1971-1982; Dr Norman Meadows 1982-1988; and Dr J. S. Mason (Stan Mason) 1988-1993.

The Glasgow School of Cookery was established in 1875 and opened to the public on 21 February 1876. In 1908, the Glasgow School of Cookery amalgamated with the West End School of Cookery, Glasgow, to form a Scottish central institution called the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science (Incorporated), later named The Queen’s College, Glasgow.
A committee was appointed in 1875 to establish a Glasgow School of Cookery with the Rev Frederick Lockhart Robertson (1827-1892) of St Andrews Church, Glasgow, as the Convener and key instigator, and a number of prominent citizens as Directors. The aim of the school was to educate young working class women in culinary skills as a contribution to the improvement of family life among lower income groups. Funding to help establish the School was raised by public subscription and its first premises were opened at The Albert Hall, 285 Bath Street, Glasgow.
Grace Chalmers Paterson (1843-1925) was the first Principal of the School and driving force behind the Glasgow School of Cookery. She was an active campaigner for education and womens’ issues who fought to introduce cookery and domestic economy to the teaching curriculum of Scottish schools, and was one of the first two women elected to the Glasgow School Board in 1885. She was succeeded as Principal by Ella (Isabella Scott) Glaister (1879-1954) in March 1908, although she still remained active within the school until June of that year.
Initially the School offered classes in superior cookery, plain cookery and cookery for the working classes. Evening classes for working class women were subsidised by the daytime courses aimed at more affluent women but they were not well attended, despite eventually being offered for free. Emphasis changed to teaching of domestic subjects within the Board Schools and in taking classes out to towns and villages around Glasgow. In 1876, with a change in regulations allowing inclusion of cookery classes on School Board expenditure, the demand for teacher training increased and the School acquired further premises at 65 Greendyke Street and 151 George Street, Glasgow. That year the Glasgow School, along with representatives from Edinburgh, Scotland; Liverpool and Leeds, England, formed themselves into the Northern Union of Training Schools of Cookery to institute uniform standards and common examinations for teachers of cookery. This body became known as The National Council for Domestic Studies and all the schools initially involved were subsequently recognised as training centres by the education departments.
In 1888, the Glasgow School of Cookery managed a tearoom at the Glasgow International Exhibition (2 May 1888-10 November 1888) which provided enough profits to help with the running of the school for some years to come. New premises were leased that year at 86 Bath Street, the adjacent premises in 1899 and later premises at 504 Sauchiehall Street and 1 Victoria Crescent, Glasgow.
Over time the syllabus also expanded to include teachers’ diplomas in cookery, laundry, housewifery, dressmaking, needlework and millinery, along with certificates in high-class cookery, professional cookery and housewifery.
Prior to amalgamation in 1908 the School was known as the Glasgow Training School of Cookery and Domestic Economy.

Goldberg was an engineer and political activist born in Cape Town, South Africa. He became one of the Rivonia trialists and was detained in 1963 for over 22 years until his release in 1985.

Goldberg was an Executive member of the Congress of Democrats, an organisation allied to the ANC in the Congress Alliance from the mid-1950s. After the first non racial elections in 1994 Goldberg founded the development organisation Community H.E.A.R.T. in London to help to improve living standards of black South Africans.

His work against the apartheid regime was tireless and he traveled the world on speaking tours as a spokes person for the ANC and representing the Anti-Apartheid Committee of the United Nations, visiting Scotland alongside other places. He gained the Albert Luthuli Peace Prize in recognition of his efforts.

Grant was a Guyanese Labour MP for Tottenham between 1987-2000 with a left-wing trade union background, he was also an anti-apartheid campaigner, a supporter of revolutionary governments, feminist causes, black studies and a multi-racial school curriculum.

He studied mining engineering at Heriot Watt University in Edinburgh and was later involved with the work of the SC AAM, speaking at the Glasgow Green Rally of 11th June 1988, which was followed by a march to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign.

Gray describes himself as a 'maker of imagined objects' and produces novels, short stories, plays, poems, pamphlets and literary criticism. He is also an accomplished artist who has painted remarkable murals and is the designer and illustrator of his own books and those of other writers.

During the campaign of the SC AAM, Gray performed readings at special events held at Moir Hall in aid of the cause.

Gray was a tireless campaigner on behalf of Glasgow, serving as a Councillor before rising to become Lord Provost of Glasgow (1984-88), succeeding Michael Kelly.

He was one of the pioneers of the Garden Festival in 1988 and European City of Culture in 1990 – both of which did much to regenerate the concept of the city in Scotland and, indeed, throughout Europe. Gray campaigned for these events in Glasgow, and their undoubted success is a fitting testimonial to a proud Glaswegian.

During his time in the position he led a deputation of civic leaders to 10 Downing Street on the 21st anniversary of the life-sentencing of Mandela in 1985, he was also instrumental in renaming the St George's Place Nelson Mandela Place in 1986.

Gulf Oil was a major global oil company from the 1900s to the 1980s. The eighth-largest American manufacturing company in 1941 and the ninth-largest in 1979, Gulf Oil was one of the so-called Seven Sisters oil companies.

Composer

The Haslemere Group was formed in 1968 to discuss the social and economic crisis facing the developing countries, the failure of the rich industrialized countries such as Britain to recognize their responsibility for the crisis, and the urgent need to draw effective public attention to those issues. Members of the Haslemere Group researched and published information on Barclays Bank's operation in apartheid South Africa. The Haslemere Group researched and published information on the supply of oil to Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and the role of oil companies including Mobil Oil, Caltex, Shell and British Petroleum (BP). In 1977 the Haslemere Group, Namibian Support Committee, the Anti-Apartheid Movement initiated the Campaign Against Namibian Uranium Contracts.

Heath was British Conservative prime minister from 1970 to 1974, a troubled period which came to be seen as reflecting the failure of post-war consensual Conservatism, and produced a backlash in his party that brought Margaret Thatcher to the leadership in 1975.

As prime minister, Heath's policies seemed muddled. His only clear success was in fulfilling his long-held ambition of taking Britain into the European Community, in 1973. He preserved the consensual and moderate policies of his 1950s predecessors, but he also felt obliged to restrain public expenditure through deflationary policies, and to tackle increasing labour unrest by trying to reduce the power of trade unions. When faced with the muscle of the militant miners' union, however, Heath backed down, executing a 'u-turn' for which the Conservative Party's right wing never forgave him. Mass strikes continued, in parallel with ongoing violence in Northern Ireland. The 1974 General Election was inconclusive and Heath resigned as prime minister, to be replaced by Harold Wilson and a minority Labour government. The following year Thatcher replaced Heath as Conservative leader.

Heath remained in parliament until 2001, a constant reminder to Thatcher of the party's moderate and Europhile traditions, which Heath angrily believed she had betrayed. He died on 17 July 2005.

Hamish Henderson is seen as the founding father of Scotland's twentieth century folk renaissance. He was passionate about politics and poetry, serving in the WWII and being inspired by the ballads of the soldiers and the song making of the Italian partisans. Henderson himself rejected modernist concepts of poetry and of being a poet. He collected, translated, composed and created in a wide variety of poetic and lyric forms.

Hamish Henderson was to exhibit the same capacity to combine occasion, craft and popular impact with 'Rivonia', which became an anthem of the South African anti-apartheid movement, which was set to the tune of a famous Spanish civil war song. The song was given the ANC's blessing and Henderson sang it on stage when Mandela visited Glasgow in 1993.

Originating from the School of Arts of Edinburgh, founded in 1821 as the world's first Mechanics Institute, Heriot-Watt is one of the oldest higher education institutions in the UK. Celebrating our 50th anniversary, we gained university status by Royal Charter in 1966.

Heriot-Watt University has established a reputation for world-class teaching and practical, leading-edge research, which has made us one of the top UK universities for business and industry.

Vera Hiddleston, OBE, was a pioneer in social work training, an experienced child care specialist and key figure in the development of the social work sector during the 1960s-1970s, a period of significant change within the Scottish system.
Vera Hiddleston was born on 27 October 1931 and grew up in the Stirlingshire village of Airth. She was a dux of Stirling High School. In 1953 she graduated from Edinburgh University with an MA (Hons) in History went on to complete a diploma in Social Study in 1954.
After qualifying Hiddleston worked for several years as Senior Child Care Officer in Mid Lothian, East Lothian and Peebles children’s department and was one of three supervisors on the Edinburgh child-care course. Hiddleston became the first director of the Scottish Probation Officers' Training Course and established professional probation training in Scotland in the 1960s. In 1967 she became a lecturer, then head of the Division of Social Work at Jordanhill College of Education.
Hiddleston was a member of the Scottish Advisory Council in Child Care (1960-62) and the Council for Training and Education in Social Work (1968-70). She also chaired the Scottish social workers’ parliamentary group, lobbying political parties in the House of Commons and constituency MPs on the need for integrated local authority social work departments. She later became chair of the management committee of the Centre for the Study of Child Abuse. In 1975 Vera Hiddleston was awarded an OBE for services to social work.
In November 2006 she gave a paper on the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 to the Social Work History Network at Edinburgh University. The paper detailed her views on the development of social work in Scotland and the impact of the 1964 Kilbrandon Report in creating integrated local authority social work departments.
Vera Hiddleston died at Galashiels on 27 April 2017 at the age of 85 years.

Hill and Hoggan were solicitors in Glasgow from the early eighteenth century. Mr George B Hoggan, who was a Partner in the firm, acted as Secretary to the Glasgow School of Cookery from the time of its commencement in 1874. In 1908, when it amalgamated with the West End School of Cookery, to become the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science (Incorporated), Mr Hoggan became a Governor of the College. From that time there was a succession of four Secretaries of the College, all of them partners in Hill and Hoggan:

Dr James A McCallum (d 1948), Secretary and Treasurer, 1908-1921; Joint Secretary and Treasurer, 1921-1928
Mr Andrew MacNair (d 1933), Joint Secretary and Treasurer, 1921-1928; Secretary and Treasurer, 1928-1933
Mr T L Grahame Reid (d 1969), Secretary and Treasurer, 1933-1969
Mr James D MacKenzie, Secretary and Treasurer, 1969-1972

Dr McCallum did a lot of work to raise the funds to build the new College premises in Park Drive and offered guidance in the move to the new building. He was dedicated to College affairs during his years of office. Due to illness, another partner, Andrew McNair was appointed as Joint Secretary, becoming sole Secretary when Dr McCallum resigned in December 1928. When Andrew McNair died in 1933 he was succeeded by TL Grahame Reid who died in 1969 and was replaced by James D Mackenzie.

Hill & Hoggan combined with the firm Mitchells Johnston and Company on 1 January 1972. The new firm of Mitchell Johnston Hill and Hoggan continued to administer the legal affairs of the College. On 1 January 1985 the firm merged with Mackenzie Roberton and Company to become Mitchells Roberton.

Alexander Hobbs, or Sandy as he is known, was born in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1937. From 1954 to 1958 he studied psychology at the University of Aberdeen. Although not an actively political student he was a member of a small informal circle who saw socialism, humanism and science as intimately linked and around this time became a member of the Aberdeen Humanist Group.

After graduating in 1958 he continued at the University as a postgraduate although he never completed his PhD. As a postgraduate he became heavily involved in political and cultural activities, becoming the first secretary of Aberdeen Left Club. The Chair of the Club was Ken Alexander. Through his activity in the New Left, Sandy became friendly with a number of ex-communists, including Norman and Janey Buchan. In the run-up to the 1959 General Election Sandy worked nearly full-time for the South Aberdeen Labour candidate and joined the party, remaining a member for 12 years. He was also an “outside” member of the Fife Socialist League. Around this time the Labour Party founded the Young Socialists and Sandy’s political activities focused on this part of the Labour Party until he left Aberdeen in 1961.

In 1961 Sandy married a fellow student, Lois Kemp, a leading member of the student CND and daughter of Labour Party activist William Kemp. Through his association with the Young Socialists, Sandy came into contact with various Trotskyist groups who were working within the Labour Party at the time. As a result he became close to the Labour Worker group but was not a member. He joined the Dundee Left Club but became more active in the CND, especially in publicising Scottish CND. In CND he worked closely with the cartoonist Leo Baxendale, which led to his also scriptwriting for Leo's comic, Wham!"

In 1965 Sandy moved to Glasgow becoming more involved in the Labour Party, chairing his local branch and acting as Janey Buchan's campaign manager for a local government election. He was again involved in the election campaigns for the 1970 General Election after which time he resigned from the Labour Party, having become disillusioned by Harold Wilson’s government. At this time a number of single-issue campaigns were gaining in prominence and Sandy became involved with the Campaign Against Racial Discrimination (CARD) and the Glasgow Committee Against Racism.

In 1968 Sandy started as a lecturer at Edinburgh College of Commerce where he chaired the Staff Association. In 1969 he moved to Jordanhill College of Education, Glasgow, where he was involved in the Association of Lecturers in Colleges of Education in Scotland (ALCES). A further move to Paisley College, Renfrewshire, Scotland, (now University of the West of Scotland) in 1975 resulted in his membership of the Association of Lecturers in Scottish Central Institutions (ALSCI).

Upon leaving the Labour Party, Sandy became attached to the International Socialists, who later became the Socialist Workers Party. He was never comfortable with the group and left a few years later in part because he found it much more congenial working on the less sectarian radical paper, Glasgow News. He also became involved with the Chilean
Committee for Human Rights supporting refugees from the regime of Pinochet. For a time, he re-joined the Labour Party again as a way of forwarding the work of this Committee.
From the mid-1970s onwards Sandy dropped out of active politics while his wife, Lois, continued to play an active part in the Women’s Movement and Glasgow Women’s Aid. Instead, he concentrated on research, writing and publishing as a lecturer within the Department of Applied Social Sciences at the University of Paisley and qualifying as a Chartered Psychologist which he achieved in 1990. In 1997, he became a Reader at the University of Paisley (University of the West of Scotland) and in 2002 became an Honorary Research Fellow concentrating on child labour and contemporary legends. In 2011, in collaboration with Willie Thompson, Sandy published the book, Out of the Burning House, which contains accounts of their political activities in the 1950s and early 1960s.

David Hodge first served on Glasgow Corporation in 1971 and was chairman of the magistrates committee, becoming chairman of the licensing committee after local government reorganisation in 1974. He was chairman of Glasgow Constituency Labour Party and secretary of the Labour group on the council before becoming Lord Provost from May 1977 to 1980. The Labour whip was withdrawn from him after he entertained the South African ambassador to lunch at the City Chambers.

Born in England, Huddleston studied at Christ Church, Oxford University (1927-1931) before enrolling at Wells Theological College, taking his vows in 1941. He then ministered in townships in South Africa between 1943 and 1956. During the following years he became involved in protests alongside Nelson Mandela and continued to campaign and speak out against the apartheid regime after this, gaining awards from the ANC among others for his work.

In 1959 he addressed the founding meeting of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in London and in 1961 he was appointed Vice-President of the AAM, a position he held until 1981.

Huddelston often visited Scotland and was involved in key events in the SC AAM campaign, including: speaking at the 1988 Glasgow Green rally that was followed by a march down to London as part of the Freedom at 70 campaign, presenting Indres Naidoo with a giant key to symbolically open Mandela's cell door at the same rally, and speaking at the Sechaba Conference in Glasgow in 1990.

Hughes is a British Labour politician and was chairman of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement from 1976 to 1995 when it was disbanded. Educated in Scotland at Robert Gordon University Aberdeen, he went on to work as a draughtsman in South Africa between 1947-1954. Hughes later became the first chairperson of the successor organisation Action for Southern Africa (ACTSA).

Key involvement with SC AAM events included: speaking at the SC AAM Conference in 1978, and speaking at the NALA event which Mandela also spoke at while in Glasgow collecting the Freedom of the Nine Cities in 1993.

The Association of Tax Clerks was founded in 1892 and became the Association of Officers of Taxes in 1922. In 1936 the Association of Officers of Taxes joined with the National Association of Assessors and Collectors of Taxes and the Valuation Office Clerical Association to form the Inland Revenue Staff Federation. The Inland Revenue Minor Establishments' Association joined the Federation in 1938. The IRSF functioned as a federal union until 1939/40 when it became a unitary organisation.

The International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa (IDAF) was an anti-apartheid organization that smuggled £100 million into South Africa for the defense of thousands of political activists and to provide aid for their families while they were in prison.

IDAF grew out of Christian Action (CA), an organization set up by John Collins aimed at relating Christianity to economic, social and political life, and that worked towards reconciliation with Germany and help for the starving people of Europe. In 1948 Collins was appointed Canon of St Paul's Cathedral in London. CA raised money raised money for the families and dependents of those sent to prison during the Defiance Campaign. In 1954 John went to South Africa where he saw apartheid and its effects for himself, and met activists and leaders in the liberation movements. In 1956, when 156 activists were arrested and charged with High Treason, Canon Collins sent £100 to Ambrose Reeves, Bishop of Johannesburg, asking him to brief the best available defense lawyers and pledging CA to raise the funds to pay legal expenses and care for the families of the Treason Trialists. Reeves, foreseeing further repression, suggested widening CA's terms of reference and so the British Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa (as it was originally called) was born. As repression in South Africa increased, Defence and Aid responded to ever more pressing political and legal defense needs.

The organization grew and began to receive international recognition and support, mainly from the Scandinavian countries and the United Nations. Several countries formed aid committees. IDAF went international in 1965, with branches in Britain, New Zealand, Scandinavia, Holland and India. On March 18, 1966, the then Mister of Justice Johannes Vorster banned the South African Defence and Aid Committee as an 'unlawful organization' under the Suppression of Communism Act but IDAF continued to send aid through secret channels. Over a period of 25 years, £100 million was smuggled into South Africa. The organization also had an extensive research and publication operation. Canon Collins died in 1982 and Horst Kleinschmidt was named Director of IDAF that same year, a position he held until the organization closed.

The International Marxist Group (IMG) was a Trotskyist group in Britain, the national section of the Fourth International. It was formed in 1968.

The group emerged from the International Group, which had split from the Revolutionary Socialist League (RSL) in 1961 in support of the International Secretariat of the Fourth International (ISFI) over the RSL leadership, which was the ISFI local section. The IMG later superceded the RSL as the national section of the then reunited Fourth International.

The organisation published International throughout its existence. It launched The Black Dwarf publication in 1968, edited by Tariq Ali, which was superceded by Red Mole in 1970.

The IMG dissolved and entered the Labour Party in 1982 as the Socialist League.

The Iona Community was founded in Glasgow and Iona in 1938 by George MacLeod, minister, visionary and prophetic witness for peace, in the context of the poverty and despair of the Depression. From a dockland parish in Govan, Glasgow, he took unemployed skilled craftsmen and young trainee clergy to Iona to rebuild both the monastic quarters of the medieval abbey and the common life by working and living together, sharing skills and effort as well as joys and achievement. That original task became a sign of hopeful rebuilding of community in Scotland and beyond. The experience shaped – and continues to shape – the practice and principles of the Iona Community.

Tor Justad was born in 1945. During his early career he worked in various roles before training as a community worker. Between 1978 and 1987 he worked as Area Community Worker for Shetland Islands Council, supporting voluntary organisations, co-operatives and social enterprises in the North Mainland of Shetland. He was the first Chair of the Association of Community Enterprises in the Highlands and Islands (ACE-HI), from 1986-1987, supporting community enterprises across the region. In 1987 he moved to Stirling, and became the Manager of the Community Enterprise Support Unit (Central Region) Ltd. (CESU), providing support to community enterprises and credit unions, mainly through funding from the Urban Programme and European Union. During this period he was a Director of Community Business Scotland (CBS).
In 1994 he began working freelance as a Social Economy Adviser, trading as Tor Justad Associates, with contracts in the UK, Sweden, Ireland and other countries. Contracts included the creation of social enterprise and social audit training materials, and support for the co-operative and social enterprise sectors. Between 2000 and 2011, he was employed as a Co-operative and Membership Officer with the Co-operative Group, covering the Highlands and Islands. During this time, from 2009 to 2011, he was Co-ordinator of the Scottish partner element of the EU Northern Periphery Programme: Retail in Rural Regions project, a transnational project with partners in Nordic countries, Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland. He was a Director of CBS from 2002-2004, a Director of the Community Retailing Network from 2006-2013 and Vice Chair of the Highlands and Islands Community Energy Company from 2008-2009.
From 2011 onwards, he continued freelance work, mainly co-ordinating study visits to Scotland by educational and social enterprise groups from Scandinavia and a longer term partnership between three schools in West Lothian. In 2019 he acted as a consultant in a small consortium which conducted an independent review of fair trade sales and promotion in Scotland for the Scottish Government International Development Team, ‘What future for fair trade in Scotland?’ (Scottish Government, February 2020). He also had a number of voluntary commitments related to renewable energy, anti-nuclear campaigning and coastal rowing.

The Scottish Catholic Justice and Peace Commission was formed in 1979. It is the Scottish Commission of the Pontifical Council Justitia et Pax.

It functions as the Bishops' advisory body on issues of social justice, international peace and human rights with the responsibility for networking existing newly formed local parish groups.

The constituency of Justice and Peace is over a thousand people out of an active Catholic population in Scotland of about 225,000.

Each of Scotland's eight dioceses is entitled to send an official representative to the National Commission. Also represented are the religious, missionary and secular clergy; youth and ecumenical representatives; and SCIAF – the Scottish Catholic International Aid Fund, their sister agency.

Kelly was an ardent trade unionist, rising to become president of the Scottish Trade Union Congress. He was involved with the work of the SC AAM, sitting on the board of director for Sechaba Festivals Ltd during 1990.

The Labour Party emerged in 1900 as a parliamentary pressure group. They established the National Health Service and created and maintained the empowering welfare state. Equally important has been the development of Labour as a mass membership party in the 1920s and 1930s, the modernisation of our campaigning techniques in the 1980s and the election of 101 Labour women MPs in 1997.

The Liaison Group of Anti-Apartheid Movements in the European Community was formed in 1988 to lobby the European Parliament and Council of Ministers. In April 1995 it reformed as the European Network for Information and Action on Southern Africa to promote partnership between South Africa and the European Union.

Louw was a South African singer and actress. Her singing took her all over the world. She sang at the ceremony that presented Nelson Mandela with the Freedom of the Nine Cities in Glasgow, 1993. Later returning to tour the UK in 1994 to raise money for the ANC's election campaign. She went on to sing at Mandela's inauguration and at the Freedom Day Celebrations in 1994.